{"id":224,"date":"2010-05-29T00:24:20","date_gmt":"2010-05-29T00:24:20","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/peace-ipsc.org\/fa\/?p=224"},"modified":"2010-05-29T00:24:20","modified_gmt":"2010-05-29T00:24:20","slug":"%d9%85%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d9%87%db%8c-%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%aa-%d9%87%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/peace-ipsc.org\/fa\/%d9%85%d9%83%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%b2%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%d9%87%db%8c-%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%aa-%d9%87%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%87\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0645\u200c \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u00ab\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0645\u200c \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u00bb<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0686\u06cc<\/p>\n

\u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u062d- IPSC<\/p>\n

www.peace-ipsc.org<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

\n

<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

\u0686\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u060c \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0647 \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062a\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0648 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0686\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/span>4 <\/span>\u0698\u0648\u0626\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644 <\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0646<\/span> \u0627<\/span>\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u0639 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u064a\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/span>–<\/span> <\/span>\u0646\u0626\u0648\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u06cc\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0630\u06cc\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0698<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0647\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u063a\u062f\u063a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0637\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1960 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0634\u062f \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1960<\/span>\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0646<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0627<\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0646\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0647\u064a\u0686 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0643\u064a \u0646\u0643\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062c\u0646\u06af \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u0648 <\/span>\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0631\u062f \u067e\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0633<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0634\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c <\/span>\u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0698\u06af\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0643\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f <\/span>\u062f\u0648\u0645<\/span>\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u067e\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061f <\/span>\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06a9\u0647<\/span> \u0686\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0645\u061f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0634 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637<\/span>\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u067e\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647<\/span>\u0646<\/span>\u062f <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u06af\u064a \u062f\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0639\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0630\u0647\u0646<\/span>\u00bb<\/span>\u060c \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0628\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0643\u0646\u0634 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>(<\/span>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u060c <\/span>1374<\/span>\u060c \u0635<\/span> <\/span>42).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0632\u062f\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1990<\/span>\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>–<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0641\u0638 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0647 <\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06af\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647\u060c \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u06a9\u06cc\u0647 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0627\u06af \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0641\u0642\u0637<\/span> \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647 <\/span> \u0643\u0646\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0646\u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u062c\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0647<\/span> \u0642\u0637\u0631\u060c \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0647 \u0648 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u062a \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0645<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0639\u064a <\/span>\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0628\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u067e\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u064a\u0627\u0628\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647<\/span>\u0627\u06cc <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0622\u0645\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

1-<\/span><\/strong>\u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>\u0627\u06af\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0686\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062c\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[1]<\/a> <\/span>\u067e\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u063a\u062f\u063a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[2]<\/a> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f <\/span> \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u064a\u0698\u06af\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0698 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a <\/span>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[3]<\/a> <\/span>\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0698 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0647 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0645\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u062d\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f\u061b \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0646\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[4]<\/a> <\/span>\u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0631\u0648\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u064a\u0627\u0628\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a \u064a\u0627 \u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[5]<\/a> <\/span>\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0648\u0631\u0632\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[6]<\/a> <\/span>\u0643\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0698\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f <\/span>(<\/span>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c <\/span>1380<\/span>\u060c \u0635\u0635<\/span> <\/span>6-35).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0646 <\/span>16 <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u062a\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u06cc <\/span>\u0647\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0648 \u064a\u0627 \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 <\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0643\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0648\u0631 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0642\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0634 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648 \u067e\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0645\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0630\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u064a\u0634\u064a\u0646 \u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[7]<\/a> <\/span>\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u06cc \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0627\u062b\u06cc\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

2-<\/span><\/strong>\u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u064a <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0648 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[8]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[9]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0698\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0648\u064a\u0698\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0642\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u064a \u0643<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u064a \u0648<\/span> <\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u062f\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0644\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0641\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0645\u067e\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627<\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u0631\u064a\u0634<\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0622\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0634 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648 \u0698\u0627\u067e\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u064a \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u062f<\/span>\u0646\u062f<\/span>(Ayoob, 1995, pp. 134-5)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[10]<\/a> <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06af\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[11]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0631\u0627 <\/span>\u062f\u06cc\u062f<\/span> \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u064a \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[12]<\/a> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u060c <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[13]<\/a> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0641\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u064a\u0627\u0628\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[14]<\/a> <\/span>\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[15]<\/a> <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u062f\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0645\u062f<\/span> \u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[16]<\/a> <\/span>\u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0698\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u0631\u0648\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[17]<\/a> <\/span>\u062e\u0627\u0635<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a \u067e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[18]<\/a> <\/span>\u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0634\u062f<\/span>. \u00ab<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[19]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0698\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[20]<\/a> <\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u06af\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0647 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>(Waltz, 1997, p. 231)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u064a\u0698\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u062c\u0627\u064a \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u060c \u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u064a\u0643 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[21]<\/a> <\/span>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span> \u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u062f \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628 <\/span>\u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span> <\/span>\u0648 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[22]<\/a> <\/span>\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062c\u0646\u06af \u0627\u06cc\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>– <\/span>\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0637\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0634\u067e\u064a\u06af\u0644<\/span>\u00bb<\/span>\u060c<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0647 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0622\u0646 \u0631\u0627<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[23]<\/a> <\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0633\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[24]<\/a> <\/span>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062e\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[25]<\/a> <\/span>\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1960 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627<\/span> <\/span>\u0628\u062e\u0634\u064a\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u06af\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[26]<\/a> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u0644<\/span>\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0648\u0626\u0632 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0647\u0648\u062f\u064a \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span>(<\/span>\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c <\/span>1379<\/span>\u060c \u0635<\/span> <\/span>29).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>60 <\/span>\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0631\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>1969 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[27]<\/a> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u067e\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u067e\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u064a\u064a <\/span>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. \u00ab<\/span>\u0646\u06af\u0631\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[28]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0648 \u067e\u064a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[29]<\/a> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u064a \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0622\u0646<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0634 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[30]<\/a> <\/span>\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[31]<\/a> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062c\u0646\u06af \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>(<\/span>\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c<\/span> <\/span>1374<\/span>\u060c \u0635<\/span> <\/span>166).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0647 <\/span>11 <\/span>\u0633\u067e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0639\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u067e\u064a\u0686\u064a\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062d\u0636\u0648\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0698\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0646\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062c \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u064a \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0646\u0626\u0648\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <\/span>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> <\/span>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[32]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0646<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/span>–<\/span> <\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0632\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u064a\u0643 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0646\u062f<\/span>. \u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u062e\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0646\u06cc\u0631\u0648\u06cc \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0631\u06cc\u06a9\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0647\u0627\u062c\u0645\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u06cc \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

3-<\/span><\/strong> \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u06af\u064a<\/span><\/strong>\u0631<\/span><\/strong>\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u063a\u062f\u063a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1990 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646<\/span> <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[33]<\/a> <\/span>\u0648 \u062f\u06af\u0631\u06af\u0648\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u06af\u0641\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[34]<\/a><\/span>\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0633\u064a\u062f\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0635\u0644 <\/span>\u062f\u0631\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06af\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u06cc \u0631\u0647\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062c\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u062f\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u067e\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span>(<\/span>\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c <\/span>1378<\/span>\u060c \u0635\u0635<\/span> <\/span>4-93).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0647\u0645\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0633\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u064a \u0648 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1990 <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 <\/span>\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0622\u0646\u0686\u0647 \u0643\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u0633\u0646\u062c\u0634 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>(<\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u062f\u0644\u060c <\/span>1374<\/span>\u060c \u0635<\/span> <\/span>102).<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0648 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f <\/span>\u0634\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a<\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/span> <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[35]<\/a> <\/span>\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634<\/span>\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a <\/span>\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0632 \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648 \u0622\u0646<\/span> <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0632\u0645<\/span>\u0627\u06cc<\/span>\u0646<\/span>\u062f<\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0645\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u064a \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647<\/span>\u0646<\/span>\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u064a\u062d \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0631\u0627<\/span> <\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628<\/span>\u0631 \u0627<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0648\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[36]<\/a> <\/span>\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u060c<\/span>\u200c<\/span> <\/span>\u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u062a\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0646\u0626\u0648\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0634<\/span>\u06cc\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0634\u062f\u0647 <\/span>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0647 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u067e\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06af\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0686\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0631\u0634\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/span> <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u062c\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[37]<\/a> <\/span>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0633\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span>\u200c<\/span> <\/span>\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0633\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0630\u0647\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0643<\/span>\u0646<\/span>\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u062f\u0647\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u062e\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0643 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a <\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e\u06af\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0648 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0634 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0635\u0644\u062d\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u067e\u064a\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1970 <\/span>\u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[38]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> <\/span>.(C<\/span>ohen, 1998, p. 231)<\/span> <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u062c\u0632 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0647\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u06cc\u06a9 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[39]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062e\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[40]<\/a> <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[41]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0643\u0633<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[42]<\/a> <\/span>\u067e\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

4-<\/span><\/strong>\u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627<\/span><\/strong>\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 <\/span><\/strong>\u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1980 <\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u060c \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>(Ehteshami, 2007, pp. 93-4)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc <\/span>\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[43]<\/a> <\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[44]<\/a> <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0643\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0622\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[45]<\/a> <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0645 \u0633\u0637\u062d<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <\/span>\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>:<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/strong>\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u062f \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 <\/span>\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0647 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646<\/span> <\/span>\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0628\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628<\/span>: <\/span>\u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span> \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/span>\u06cc<\/span> <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span> \u0648 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0647\u062a \u0647\u062f\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0635\u0644\u062d<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0633\u062a \u064a\u0627\u0628\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643<\/span>\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 <\/span>\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u0646<\/span> <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0634\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062c \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644 <\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639<\/span>\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0627 <\/span>\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f<\/span>(Cooper, 2002, p. 135)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062c<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u064a<\/span><\/strong> \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0646 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062c \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u067e\u064a\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u062e\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u067e\u064a\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u0645\u06cc \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u0633\u062a <\/span>\u0628\u0647<\/span> \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631\u06cc\u062a \u062f\u0646\u06cc\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u06cc\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062a\u0627<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646 <\/span>\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0631\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[46]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[47]<\/a> <\/span>\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0648\u067e\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u064a\u060c \u0635\u0644\u062d \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0648 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627<\/span>\u06cc\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u064a\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646\u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u062a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u06af\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0641\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0627\u0644\u0635 \u0645\u0644\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0646\u0641\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627\u0646\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[48]<\/a> <\/span>\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u06cc\u0639\u06cc<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647 \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0686\u0646\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u0628\u0639\u062f\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

5-<\/span><\/strong>\u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 <\/span><\/strong>\u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u067e\u064a\u0634 \u0641\u0631\u0636<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u067e\u064a\u0627\u0645\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 <\/span>\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0645<\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u067e\u064a\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0636<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/strong>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0627<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0627\u0631\u0686\u0648\u0628 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0686\u0627\u0644\u0634 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>(<\/span>\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a\u060c <\/span>1376<\/span>\u060c \u0635<\/span> <\/span>87).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1990<\/span>\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u062a\u0646\u0634 \u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>2000 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0643\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 <\/span>\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d<\/span>\u0627\u0642<\/span> \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u062f\u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062a \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u06cc\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0698\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0627\u06cc <\/span><\/strong>\u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u064a <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0646 <\/span>19 <\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0648 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a <\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u0637\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u064a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0622\u0646<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0698\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[49]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0648 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1980 <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0634 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a <\/span>\u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648 <\/span>\u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645<\/span>\u0646<\/span>\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u06cc\u06a9\u0631\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/span>\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0647\u064a\u0686<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u064a\u0632\u0634 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u06af\u0630\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0639\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u067e\u064a\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0648 \u062d\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>2003 <\/span>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0647 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u06cc\u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u06cc \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062c<\/span><\/strong>–<\/span><\/strong>\u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0628\u064a<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u064a <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0634 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>\u060c<\/span>1970 <\/span>\u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627\u064a\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[50]<\/a> <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1980 <\/span>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0622\u0645\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1990 <\/span>\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0631\u0627 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064a\u062a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0627\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0647 \u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645 \u0635\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 <\/span>2003 <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0643\u0631\u062f<\/span>(<\/span>\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c <\/span>1374<\/span>\u060c \u0635\u0635<\/span> <\/span>121<\/span>-120).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0647\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637\u0647 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0631\u062c\u0627\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u062a\u0627<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062e\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0645\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0622\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0626\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0646\u0626\u0648\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[51]<\/a> <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0643\u0646\u062f\u060c \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u064a\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0634\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0647\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1980 <\/span>\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1990 <\/span>\u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0646 <\/span>21 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u062c \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0633\u064a\u062f <\/span>(Kathmell, 2003, p. 204)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

6-<\/span><\/strong>\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0627\u064a <\/span><\/strong>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc <\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e<\/span><\/strong>\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u0647\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0634\u0646\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0686\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u067e\u0627\u0633\u062e \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0686\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06af\u064a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0628\u062e\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u062f\u0633\u062a \u064a\u0627\u0628\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u064a<\/span>–<\/span> <\/span>\u0647\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[52]<\/a> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u060c \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u06af\u064a\u0631 \u0648 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0641\u0647\u0648\u0645 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0627\u0645<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[53]<\/a> <\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a <\/span>\u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0646\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0648 <\/span>\u0622<\/span>\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 <\/span>\u0645\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f <\/span>\u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0648 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u064a <\/span>\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627<\/span>\u0646<\/span> \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 <\/span>\u06a9<\/span>\u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0643<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0631\u0645 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062a \u067e\u0627\u064a\u067e<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0633\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>(Paul, 2004, p. 193)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631<\/span> \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062e<\/span>\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span> \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647\u060c \u062f\u064a\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0628\u0633\u062a\u06af\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0627\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u06cc<\/span> \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0631\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 <\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u0633\u0631\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u062c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a <\/span>\u0634<\/span>\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f\u061b \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u064a\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u063a\u0644\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0648 \u0628\u0627 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f <\/span>(Zolbin, 2004, pp. 214-5)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0627 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0647 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u062f \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0633\u062e\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0644\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0631\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631\u062a\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u06cc\u0646<\/span> \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/strong>\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627<\/span><\/strong>\u062f\u0644\u0647<\/span><\/strong> \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u064a<\/span><\/strong> \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u062a<\/span>\u0631<\/span>\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0647\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643 \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0642\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[54]<\/a> <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[55]<\/a> <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u062c\u0627\u064a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/span> \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 <\/span>\u0634\u062f\u0647\u060c<\/span> \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0627<\/span> \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0622\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>(<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u060c <\/span>1382<\/span>\u060c \u0635<\/span>62).<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/strong>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[56]<\/a> <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u064a <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u0635\u062f\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0622\u0645\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0645 \u0648 \u0628\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u064a <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u060c \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645<\/span>\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u064a\u0643 <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f\u061b<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064a\u00a0 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0639<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0698\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0646\u06af\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0646\u062f\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0641\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0634 \u0643\u0646\u0634\u06af\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 <\/span>\u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0634\u062a \u062f\u0648\u06af\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u06af\u064a\u0632\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062c\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0648 \u0643\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0622\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 <\/span>\u0646\u062e\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b <\/span>\u062f\u0648\u0645<\/span>\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0646\u0641\u0639<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0637\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0646\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0643<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. \u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0631\u062a \u0643\u0627\u067e\u0644\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0634\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0632\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0643 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span> <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u0644\u0641\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a <\/span>(Kaplan and <\/span>K<\/span>ristal, 2003, p. 212)<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637<\/span>\u060c <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u067e\u064a\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0644\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0646\u0628\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062b\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0627<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u0624<\/span>\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0634\u062f\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0633\u062a\u064a<\/span>–<\/span> <\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0648\u062f\u0633\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f<\/span> \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0647\u0698\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 <\/span>\u0645\u06cc<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span> \u062a\u0627 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a \u067e\u064a\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u064a\u0643 \u0633\u0648\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0631\u064a\u0632\u064a <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062c<\/span><\/strong>: <\/span><\/strong>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u062f\u0647\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0643\u062b\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0627 <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[57]<\/a><\/span>\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[58]<\/a> <\/span>\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0648 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0643\u067e\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06af\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u00bb<\/span><\/a>[59]<\/a> <\/span>\u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0647\u0631 \u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0627\u062f\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u0627\u06cc\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0648 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a\u060c \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u0639<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0628\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0631\u0633\u064a\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0634 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0686\u0646\u062f\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0643\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634<\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>–<\/span> <\/span>\u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u067e\u064a\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u060c \u0622\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0648 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a <\/span>\u0647\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f<\/span><\/strong>–<\/span><\/strong>\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u064a <\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 <\/span>\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0647\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631\u0643\u0644\u064a\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0633\u062a\u064a\u0632\u0634 \u0648 \u062c\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u0631<\/span>\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644\u062a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0642\u0648\u0647 \u0642\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u067e\u064a\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0634\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0647\u060c \u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f<\/span>\u0627\u0646<\/span> \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0631\u0627 \u0627\u0632 <\/span>\u0631\u0627\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u06af\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0686\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0648 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u060c \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0636\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0647 \u0622\u0646\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u064a \u064a\u0643\u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u061b \u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 <\/span>\u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0628\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a\u062a \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u067e\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0646\u0627\u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u0646\u062f<\/span>(<\/span>\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0631\u060c <\/span>1385<\/span>\u060c \u0635<\/span> <\/span>132).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0644 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u067e\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u064a\u0698\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0648 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0627\u0634\u067e\u064a\u06af\u0644<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0622\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc<\/span> \u0643\u0647 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0636\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0641 \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u064a \u067e\u0630\u064a\u0631\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0634\u0648\u062f\u060c \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u0642\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0631\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u064a\u0641\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0646\u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f \u0643\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u06af\u0631\u0634 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0633\u062a\u064a <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u0627 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 <\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0643\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u0622\u064a\u0646\u062f\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u06af\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0646\u0634 \u064a\u0643<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0634 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0648 <\/span><\/strong>\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0647<\/span><\/strong> \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 <\/span>\u0647\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0646\u0627\u067e\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0636\u00a0 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0634 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0627<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 <\/span>\u0646\u0628\u0648\u062f<\/span> \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u062f\u0627\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a\u060c \u0627\u064a\u062f\u0626\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0698\u064a\u0643 \u0648 \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644<\/span>\u06cc<\/span>\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0634\u062f\u0647<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u067e\u064a\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644 <\/span>1991 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0631\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u0648\u0631<\/span> \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0627\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0647 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0637\u0631\u0641 <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u062e\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a<\/span> \u0646\u06cc\u0632<\/span> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 <\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0634\u0643\u0644<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u0634<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0632\u062f\u0627\u064a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 <\/span>\u0647\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0645<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639<\/span> \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637 \u062f\u0647\u0647 <\/span>1990 <\/span>\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0647\u0646\u06af<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0647\u0646\u06af\u064a<\/span>–<\/span>\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0634\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>(<\/span>\u0643\u0644\u0631\u060c <\/span>1380<\/span>\u060c \u0635<\/span> <\/span>95).<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0698\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a <\/span>\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u060c \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0634\u0627\u062e\u0635<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0686\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0631\u062f\u064a <\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u0626\u0648\u0631\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062c\u0646\u06af \u067e\u064a\u0634\u062f\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0641\u0636\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u062f\u062b\u0647 <\/span>11 <\/span>\u0633\u067e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0631\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a \u0643\u0647 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0648 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0647 \u0631\u0648<\/span> <\/span>\u0628<\/span>\u0647 <\/span>\u0631\u0648 <\/span>\u06a9\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a <\/span>\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648<\/span> \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0698\u064a\u0645<\/span>\u00bb<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u062c\u0631 \u0628\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af <\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0628\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644<\/span> \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u062d\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 <\/span>\u0648 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0635\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0631\u0627 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0634 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062f\u0627\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span> <\/span>\u0643\u0647 <\/span>\u00ab<\/span>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span> <\/span>\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u0631\u0641\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 <\/span>\u0634\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u064a <\/span>\u06cc\u0627\u0641\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0648\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a <\/span>\u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0698\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062a<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u062b\u064a\u0631\u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0631 \u06af\u064a\u0631\u062f<\/span>. \u00ab<\/span>\u062c\u0648\u0631\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0686\u0644<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u06af\u0631\u0648\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631\u06af\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0628 \u0634\u062f<\/span>. \u00ab<\/span>\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0633 \u0631\u0627\u0633<\/span>\u00bb <\/span>\u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0645<\/span>\u0623<\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u0622\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0634\u062f<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637\u064a\u060c \u062f\u064a\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0635\u0644<\/span>\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e<\/span>\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 <\/span>\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0633\u062a<\/span>. <\/span>\u0628\u0647\u0631\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u06af\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u06af\u0648\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u062f\u064a\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0643<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0648 \u0631\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0631\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0628\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u067e\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0648 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062f\u0631 \u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0645\u060c \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0627\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0643\u0647 \u0646\u0647 \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0644 \u0648 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627<\/span> \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0634\u0648\u0646\u062f\u060c \u0628\u0644\u0643\u0647 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0627 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u064a <\/span>\u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f<\/span>. <\/span>\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0686\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0631\u0627 \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 <\/span>\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0641\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc <\/span>\u063a\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0636<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0648\u064a \u062f\u064a\u06af\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u062a\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u064a\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0639\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a\u060c \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u064a<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0622\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0648 \u0645\u0627\u062e\u0630<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0641<\/span><\/strong>– <\/span><\/strong>\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1.<\/span>\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0641\u0631\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0647 <\/span>(1376)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c<\/span>\u200c <\/span>\u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>2.<\/span>\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a <\/span>(1378)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0631\u062f\u0645<\/span><\/strong>\u060c<\/span><\/strong> \u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0627 \u0648 \u0647\u0631\u0627\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u067e\u0698\u0648\u0647\u0634\u0643\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>3.<\/span>\u062f\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0632 <\/span>(1374)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0631\u0627\u0647\u0628\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0637 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0646<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.<\/span>\u0631\u0648\u0634\u0646\u062f\u0644\u060c \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 <\/span>(1374)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0627\u0632\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>5.<\/span>\u0643\u0644\u0631\u060c \u0645\u064a\u0634\u0644 <\/span>(1380)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> <\/span>“<\/span>\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u064a\u0627\u063a\u064a<\/span>“<\/span>\u060c \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0631\u062c \u062f\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 <\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0634\u0647<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0698\u0626\u0648\u067e\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0645<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0636\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0646\u064a\u0627 \u0648 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>6.<\/span>\u0643\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0632\u0645\u0646\u060c \u0622\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646\u064a <\/span>(1379)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0646\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u06af\u0630\u0627\u0631<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>7.<\/span>\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0631\u0648 <\/span>(1385)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0686\u0627\u067e \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>8.<\/span>\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0632\u0627\u062f\u0647\u060c \u067e\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0632 <\/span>(1380)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0648 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0644 \u0633\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>9.<\/span>\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0644 <\/span>(1374)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0643\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u0634\u0634\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u0647<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>10.<\/span>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f <\/span>(1374)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span><\/strong>\u200c<\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u062f\u0641\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646<\/span>\u200c<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u064a<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>11.<\/span>\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u060c \u0643\u0646\u062b <\/span>(1382)<\/span>\u060c<\/span> \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0643 \u0642\u0637\u0628\u064a<\/span><\/strong><\/span>\u060c \u062f\u0631<\/span> <\/span>\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0622\u064a\u0643\u0646<\/span>\u0628\u0631\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u060c \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0647 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0641<\/span>\u0636<\/span>\u0644\u064a \u067e\u0648\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/span>: <\/span>\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0633\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0628<\/span><\/strong>– <\/span><\/strong>\u0627\u0646\u06af\u0644\u06cc\u0633\u06cc<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>1.Ayoob, Mohammad (1995), <\/span>The Third world Security Predicament<\/span><\/strong><\/span>, <\/span>Boulder<\/span>, Colo: Lynne <\/span>Reiner<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>2.Cohen, Saul (1998), Geopolitics in the <\/span>New World<\/span> Eva, <\/span>Survival<\/span><\/strong><\/span>, Vol, 40, No, 4.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>3.Ehteshami, Anoushirvan (2007), <\/span>Globalization and Geopolitics in the Middle <\/span><\/strong>East<\/span><\/strong><\/span>, <\/span>London<\/span>: <\/span>Rutledge<\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>4.Cooper, Robert (April 7\/2002), The New Liberal Imperialism, <\/span>The Observer<\/span><\/strong><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>5.Kathmell, Andrew (2003), <\/span>A New <\/span><\/strong>Persian<\/span><\/strong> Gulf Security System<\/span><\/strong><\/span>, <\/span>Washington<\/span>: <\/span>Rand<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>6.Paul, T (2004), <\/span>Balance of Power: Theory and Practice in the 21<\/span><\/strong>st<\/span><\/sup><\/strong> Century<\/span><\/strong><\/span>, Stanford: University Press.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>7.Zolbin, Nikolai and Pascal Baniface (2004), <\/span>International Interest in the Gulf<\/span><\/strong><\/span>, <\/span>Baltimore<\/span>: <\/span>Johns<\/span> <\/span>Hopkins<\/span> <\/span>University<\/span> Press.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>8.Kaplan, Lawrence and Williams Kristal (2003), <\/span>the War Over <\/span><\/strong>Iraq<\/span><\/strong><\/span>, San Francisco: Encounter Book.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span>9.Waltz, Kenneth (December 1997), “Evaluating Theories”, <\/span>American Political Science Review<\/span><\/strong><\/span>, Vol.9, No. 4. <\/span><\/p>\n

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1<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\n

<\/a>[1]<\/a><\/span>.Cold War<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[2]<\/a><\/span>.Security<\/span> <\/span>Building<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[3]<\/a><\/span>.The Framework of Regional Security <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[4]<\/a><\/span>.Public Interests <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[5]<\/a><\/span>.Balance of Power <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[6]<\/a><\/span>.Strategic Interests <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[7]<\/a><\/span>.Power Reconstructedness <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[8]<\/a><\/span>.Balance of Power Theories <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[9]<\/a><\/span>.The Relations of Power <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[10]<\/a><\/span>.Regional Security <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[11]<\/a><\/span>.Process of International Politics <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[12]<\/a><\/span>.New Actors <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[13]<\/a><\/span>.Structure and Distribution of Power <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[14]<\/a><\/span>.Historical Equilibrium <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[15]<\/a><\/span>.Traditional Security <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[16]<\/a><\/span>.Bipolar Structure <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[17]<\/a><\/span>.Security Influence Field <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[18]<\/a><\/span>.Peripheral Geography <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[19]<\/a><\/span>.Kenneth Waltz <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[20]<\/a><\/span>.Stability and Equilibrium <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[21]<\/a><\/span>.Core <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[22]<\/a><\/span>.Peripheral Fields <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[23]<\/a><\/span>.Core Section <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[24]<\/a><\/span>.Peripherical Section <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[25]<\/a><\/span>.Intrusive Security<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[26]<\/a><\/span>.Participative Security <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[27]<\/a><\/span>.Client Security <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[28]<\/a><\/span>.Past Modern Approach to power <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[29]<\/a><\/span>.Regional Balance <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[30]<\/a><\/span>.Rapid Forces Reaction <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[31]<\/a><\/span>.Cent Command Forces <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[32]<\/a><\/span>.Cooperative Security <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[33]<\/a><\/span>.Security Context <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[34]<\/a><\/span>.International Security Discourse <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[35]<\/a><\/span>.Contending Security Approaches <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[36]<\/a><\/span>.Soft Balancing <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[37]<\/a><\/span>.Zero Sum Games <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[38]<\/a><\/span>.Strategic Balance <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[39]<\/a><\/span>.Arms Race<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[40]<\/a><\/span>.Arms Purchase<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[41]<\/a><\/span>.Security coalition <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[42]<\/a><\/span>.Security Paradoxes <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[43]<\/a><\/span>.Structure Centric <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[44]<\/a><\/span>.Process Centric <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[45]<\/a><\/span>.Authoritative Nature <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[46]<\/a><\/span>.Functionalism Framework <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[47]<\/a><\/span>.Neo-Functionalism <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[48]<\/a><\/span>.Rentier Economy <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[49]<\/a><\/span>.Hegemonic order <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[50]<\/a><\/span>.Regional Power <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[51]<\/a><\/span>.Critical<\/span> <\/span>School<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[52]<\/a><\/span>.Regional Cooperative Theories <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[53]<\/a><\/span>.Cohesion<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[54]<\/a><\/span>.Agreement Dilemma<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[55]<\/a><\/span>.uncertainty <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[56]<\/a><\/span>.Stability<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[57]<\/a><\/span>.Collective Security <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[58]<\/a><\/span>.Collaborate Security <\/span><\/p>\n

<\/a>[59]<\/a><\/span>.Public Security<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00ab\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0645\u200c \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a \u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u00bb \u062f\u06a9\u062a\u0631 \u0632\u0647\u0631\u0647 \u067e\u0648\u0633\u062a\u06cc\u0646 \u0686\u06cc \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u062d- IPSC www.peace-ipsc.org \u0686\u0643\u064a\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0646\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0622\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0637 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0648\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0632\u0647 \u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0637\u064a \u0633\u0627\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0646\u06af \u062f\u0648\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0646\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u064a\u200c\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0627\u062f \u0648 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,11,3,4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-224","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-2","category-11","category-articles","category-4"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00ab\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0645\u200c \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u00bb - IPSC - \u0645\u0631\u06a9\u0632 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0635\u0644\u062d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"http:\/\/peace-ipsc.org\/fa\/\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0633\u0645-\u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc-\u0627\u0645\u0646\u064a\u062a-\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fa_IR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00ab\u0645\u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0645\u200c \u0633\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0647\u06cc \u0627\u0645\u0646\u06cc\u062a \u0647\u0645\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0644\u06cc\u062c \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062f\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0645\u0627\u00bb - 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